symptom It mainly occurs in the Yangtze River basin. It was originally found on the base of the stem near the ground. The diseased part was light grey-green, and all of it lost its green color to pale white. The diseased department had white and thick seedlings, and the filaments expanded upward and downward for short distances. Spreading to the surrounding soil, the mycelium gradually changes from yellow to brown. At the later stage of disease, the seedlings growing on the decayed tissue are dark brown and cover the entire surface of the disease. The mycelium can also grow in the rotted root tissue. There are many black sclerotia in the ministry and serious diseased plants die. pathogen Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss. is a bacterium of the genus Aspergillus subfungus. The pedestal is a sclerotium, tuberous; sclerotia spherical to elliptic, black, rough surface, size 3-5mm; apical funnel-shaped or disc-shaped, with light reddish-brown; sac-stick rod-shaped to cylindrical, size 147 - 2349J3 - 16.5 (um); ascospores oval to elliptic, size 8-205-13 (um); sexual spores spherical, size 2-3um. Transmission routes and conditions The bacteria mainly sclerotate in the soil for winter. The sclerotium germination of the following year results in the initial infestation of the ascus disk and the ascospores, because the ascospores of the bacteria cannot directly invade the healthy broad bean plants, but after the germination, a large amount of hyphae are generated in the soil below the soil surface of the host stem base. Growing and expanding on the surface of the host, weakening the host's resistance first, and finding the right time to invade. When the temperature is 15-18°C, when the humidity is high, a large number of appositional discs are generated, releasing ascospore invading. The suitable temperature for the disease expansion is 17-22 °C, usually starting from February to April, 4-5 'monthly rapid expansion, and susceptible to diseases such as Ziyunying near the field or its rotation is easy to induce the disease, Broad bean seeding was too dense and the incidence of moisture retention between strains was heavy. Control methods (1) Implement rotation crops with grass crops for 2-3 years, timely cultivating grasses, planting seeds should not be too dense, pay attention to clearing the sclerotia of the field, and timely remove the diseased bodies after harvest to concentrate burn or deep burial.
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(2) Application of enzyme compost or fully decomposed organic fertilizer, using formula fertilization techniques, to avoid partial application, over-application of nitrogen fertilizer, increase of phosphorus, potash and lime.
(3) Strengthen field management and timely drainage after rain to prevent excessive humidity or moisture retention in the field.
(4) Spraying 36% Thiophanate-containing Suspension 500-fold or 40% Sulphur-containing Suspension 600-fold, 50% Benomyl WP 1500-fold, 60% Anti-mold Polution No. 2 800 times liquid, 667m2 good liquid spray 50-60L, about 10 days 1 time, continuous control 2-3 times.