Abstract: Based on the 51 series of single-chip microcomputers, this paper designs a system to control medical drip infusion. Through this system, the infusion rate can be controlled, and the height of the liquid in the liquid storage bottle can be monitored, and an alarm is issued if the liquid reaches the warning line. The collection, processing and control of data are completed by using a single chip microcomputer. The birth of such a system accelerates the process of medical device automation, and at the same time has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and easy control, which improves the quality of hospital services. With the progress of automation, the application of single-chip microcomputer is more and more extensive. The traditional hospitals use the manual monitoring drip infusion device to use the potential energy difference to input the liquid into the patient's body, and also use the hose clamp to tighten the hose clamp to control the speed of liquid input into the human body. In this case, the medical staff is required to pay attention to the patient's infusion in real time. How to become automated in this way is the problem to be solved now. This paper introduces the design of medical drip infusion system based on single chip microcomputer. Such an operation is easy to use, simple to operate, centralized control, and has an alarm function, which saves time. The medical staff can change the infusion level of different patients in the control room and take the needle in time. 1 overall design The whole single-chip based medical drip infusion control system design consists of a master station and a slave station, wherein the core device is a single chip microcomputer. The main station is composed of a data communication single-chip microcomputer, and the slave station is composed of a data communication single-chip microcomputer and a data processing single-chip microcomputer. The input section includes a detection circuit for the height of the infusion set page, acquisition of the droplet signal, and acquisition of the input signal. When the slave station has an alarm, the main station also needs to give an alarm to remind the medical staff to go to the treatment. The data processing circuit of the slave station is installed on each infusion set to set, detect and control the number of input points. The serial port is connected between the master station and the slave station. The circuit issued by the slave data includes communication between the data processing microcontroller and the data transmitting microcontroller, and the SPI communication between the data transmitting microcontroller and the wireless transmission. The circuit of the receiving part of the primary station mainly includes communication between the wireless receiving module and the single chip microcomputer. 　 2 hardware design 2.1 Master station design The main station is mainly to achieve data reception, and then the data is stored on the PC in the form of a serial port. The infusion speed of each bed number and the height of the liquid in the reservoir are displayed on a PC. Use the P0 port on the AT89C52 of the master station to connect to the 4×4 array keyboard. The P1 port is connected to the eight-digit LED display module, and P3.6 and P3.7 are connected to P3.6 and P3.7 on the slave station. Expand the I2C bus serial communication, set P3.0 as the alarm control terminal, and connect the current limiting resistor to the base of the transistor 8050, so that the 8050 driver beeps. The CD4511 seven-segment decoder driver drives the eight-bit common cathode LED, and the 74LS138 decode bit is strobed; in order to ensure reliable reset, the reset circuit uses a reset chip. 2.2 Slave design There are multiple slave stations, but the structure is roughly the same. After subdivision, the slave station includes the minimum system circuit of the single chip microcomputer, the liquid level detection circuit of the liquid storage bottle, the liquid droplet speed measuring circuit, the keyboard and the display circuit, the stepping motor control circuit, the liquid level alarm circuit of the liquid storage bottle and the like. The liquid drip speed test circuit and the infusion bottle liquid level alarm circuit are collected by an infrared transceiver diode, and the stepper motor is used to control the droplet velocity by using a micro control device to change the tightness of the infusion tube. The liquid level detection circuit of the liquid storage bottle uses an infrared sensor to measure the page at a fixed point. According to the principle of refraction and reflection of light in different media, the signal received by the photoelectric sensor is used to detect the height of the liquid surface. Fixing the sensor on the outer wall of the reservoir simplifies the circuit and makes measurements directly. When the liquid level is below the warning height, the microcontroller will give an alarm. The liquid drip speed measuring circuit transmits infrared light on the funnel wall perpendicularly to the infrared light emitting diode, and then the infrared receiving transistor generates a pulse signal according to the strength of the received infrared signal. The velocity of the liquid droplets is calculated using timed sampling. When there is no liquid dripping in the funnel, the infrared rays appear to form a full emission in the funnel, and at this time, the phototransistor is turned on and outputs a low level. When a droplet falls in the funnel, the infrared rays pass through the droplet, so there is a scattering phenomenon. Therefore, the phototransistor can only receive a weak signal, then the triode is turned off, and then the comparator outputs a low level. 4*4 array type buttons are designed in the keyboard and display circuit, which are controlled by p1.0-p1.7 of the single chip microcomputer. The eight segment codes are converted by the BCD code and provided by the 74LS47, all of which are dynamically displayed. The selection end of the eight bits is composed of the P0.4-P0.6 end of the single chip microcomputer. The control circuit of the stepper motor has a driving voltage of 12V, a step angle of 7.5 degrees, and completes 360 degrees, requiring 48 pulses. In the liquid level alarm circuit of the liquid storage bottle, two kinds of alarms are generated when the liquid level is lower than the warning value. First, the LED light flashes, and second, the sound is emitted. The 555 timer is connected to the low frequency multivibrator, and the control voltage input terminal 5 is connected to the RXD terminal of the single chip microcomputer, and is controlled by the pulse signal outputted by the RXD pin. Due to the charge and discharge of the capacitor, when RXD=1, the oscillation frequency of the 555 output pulse is low. When RXD=0, the oscillation frequency of the 555 output pulse is higher. The pulse signal passes through the isolation capacitor to the speaker, and the speaker will emit two kinds of high and low alternating sounds, and the high and low level interval 1s pulse signal outputted by the RXD pin is applied to the LED by the resistor, and the LED will flash. It achieves the effect of simultaneous sound and light alarms. 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